Many studies of heat loss reduction by insulating the combustion chamber walls have been carried out to improve thermal efficiency in internal combustion engines, but most of them have not been successful because of intake air heating as a result of high wall temperature even in the intake strokes, which deteriorates charging efficiency and exhaust emissions. Toyota has developed a new concept by a thin heat insulation coat with low thermal conductivity and low heat capacity. Toyota Land Cruiser Prado, which won a 2016 R&D 100 award, achieves a heat loss reduction by decreasing the temperature difference between the in-cylinder gas and wall temperature by quickly changing the wall temperature in accordance with the transient gas temperature. This technology was applied to the pistons of a passenger car diesel engine, thereby helping to increase fuel efficiency and exhaust gas temperature, which is effective for fast warming up of the exhaust after-treatment system. As the results of heat balance analysis, heat loss is reduced, leading to higher brake work and exhaust energy.
Each year for more than 50 years, R&D Magazine has honored the 100 best innovations in research and development. We are currently accepting applications for the 2017 R&D 100 Awards. Innovators with an exceptional product developed between January 1, 2016 and March 31, 2017 should apply. Submissions close April 14, 2017
For information on the 55th Annual R&D 100 Awards and to enter visit http://www.rd100conference.com